From biomass cultivation to final end products, the value creation process passes through various phases that can be structured into value creation stages. There are different approaches to dividing value creation systems into such stages. These classifications always represent simplified descriptions of real-world value creation systems.

In order to structure the analysis of the value creation system, the identification of value creation stages is required. An initial version of this classification can first be developed based on the analyst’s prior knowledge and the analytical focus, providing a conceptual framework. During the questionnaire development phase (Step 3), the identified value creation stages are validated and revised in consultation with experts. The following value creation stages can serve as a guiding framework for the exploratory development of the initial version:

• Cultivation and harvesting of biomass
• Primary processing of biomass (e.g. cleaning facilities, mills, or sawmills)
• Secondary processing (further processing) (e.g. refining, bakeries, or production of building components)
• Market stage: marketing and distribution of products (e.g. food retail, beverage wholesale, or building materials trade)
• Intermediate stage (e.g. research, consultancy, and services)
• Recycling and disposal

Depending on the analytical focus and objectives, it may be appropriate to limit the sustainability assessment to individual value creation stages. This restriction is optional, as in most cases a system-wide perspective across all stages is more suitable for deriving systemic policy and action recommendations.

 

 

Application example: “The following value creation stages are considered in the analysis: cultivation and harvesting of biomass; primary and secondary processing of biomass; market stage; intermediate stage; and recycling and disposal.”